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| *Travel Info>>>Aberdeen Travel Info |
Who were the peoples of Aberdeen between 1000 and 1750 ad? |
Travel Info What's the ethnological, et al, background of the Scottish city? Travel Tips The means by which the Pictish confederation formed in Late Antiquity from a number of tribes are as obscure as the processes which created the Franks, the Alamanni and similar confederations in Germany. The presence of the Roman Empire, unfamiliar in size, culture, political systems and ways of making war, should be noted. Nor can we ignore the wealth and prestige that control of trade with Rome offered.[28] Pictland had previously been described as the home of the Caledonii.[29] Other tribes said to have lived in the area included the Verturiones, Taexali and Venicones.[30]Except for the Caledonians, the names may be second- or third-hand: perhaps as reported to the Romans by speakers of Brythonic or Gaulish languages.[31] Pictish recorded history begins in the so-called Dark Ages. It appears that they were not the dominant power in Northern Britain for the entire period. Firstly the Gaels of D谩l Riata dominated the region, but suffered a series of defeats in the first third of the 7th century.[32] The Angles of Bernicia overwhelmed the adjacent British kingdoms, and the neighbouring Anglian kingdom of Deira (Bernicia and Deira later being called Northumbria), was to become the most powerful kingdom in Britain.[33] The Picts were probably tributary to Northumbria until the reign of Bridei map Beli, when the Anglians suffered a defeat at the battle of Dunnichen which halted their expansion northwards. The Northumbrians continued to dominate southern Scotland for the remainder of the Pictish period. In the reign of 脫engus mac Fergusa (729鈥?61), D谩l Riata was very much subject to the Pictish king. Although it had its own kings from the 760s, it appears that D谩l Riata did not recover.[34] A later Pictish king, Caustant铆n mac Fergusa (793鈥?20) placed his son Domnall on the throne of D谩l Riata (811鈥?35).[35] Pictish attempts to achieve a similar dominance over the Britons of Alt Clut (Dumbarton) were not successful.[36] The Viking Age brought great changes in Britain and Ireland, no less in Scotland than elsewhere. The kingdom of D谩l Riata was destroyed, certainly by the middle of the 9th century, when Ketil Flatnose is said to have founded the Kingdom of the Isles. Northumbria too succumbed to the Vikings, who founded the Kingdom of York, and the kingdom of Strathclyde was also greatly affected. The king of Fortriu E贸gan mac 脫engusa, the king of D谩l Riata 脕ed mac Boanta, and many more, were killed in a major battle against the Vikings in 839.[37] The rise of C铆naed mac Ailp铆n (Kenneth MacAlpin) in the 840s, in the aftermath of this disaster, brought to power the family who would preside over the last days of the Pictish kingdom and found the new kingdom of Alba, although C铆naed himself was never other than king of the Picts. In the reign of C铆naed's grandson, Caustant铆n mac 脕eda (900鈥?43), the kingdom of the Picts became the kingdom of Alba. The change from Pictland to Alba may not have been noticeable at first; indeed, as we do not know the Pictish name for their land, it may not have been a change at all. The Picts, along with their language, did not disappear suddenly. The process of Gaelicisation, which may have begun generations earlier, continued under Caustant铆n and his successors. When the last inhabitants of Alba were fully Gaelicised, becoming Scots, probably during the 11th century, the Picts were soon forgotten. [38] Later they would reappear in myth and legend |
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